Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition characterised by excessive growth of bacteria in the small intestine. Normally, the small intestine contains a relatively low number of bacteria compared to the large intestine. However, in SIBO, there is an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine, which disrupts the normal digestive process and leads to various symptoms. SIBO can occur due to factors like impaired gut motility, structural abnormalities, post-gastrointestinal surgery, or certain medical conditions such as:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
• Coeliac disease
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Symptoms of SIBO

SIBO symptoms can range in intensity and have an extreme impact on an individual's quality of life. These symptoms include:

• Belching
• Intestinal Bloating
• Flatulence
• Abdominal Pain
• Diarrhoea
• Unexplained Weight Loss
• Fatigue
• Malnutrition causes vitamin deficiencies such as B12, Iron, and Vitamin D

Diagnosing SIBO can be challenging, as the symptoms can be similar to other digestive disorders. However, a commonly used diagnostic test is the breath test. This test involves drinking a solution containing a specific type of sugar and then measuring the levels of hydrogen and methane gases in the breath. Elevated levels of these gases can indicate the presence of SIBO.

Other tests that may be useful to investigate SIBO, malnutrition, and inflammation include:

• Stool tests and/or microbiome testing
• Full iron studies
• Vitamin B12 and D

Can SIBO Be Contributing to Your ADHD Symptoms?

The gut microbiome and its host maintain a two-way relationship through neurological, hormonal, and immune mechanisms, forming the microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Changes in the MGBA are responsible for various neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD. The microbiome-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a role in the pathophysiological processes of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress affecting neurotransmitter production, leading to the core symptoms of ADHD. The associated nutritional deficiencies of SIBO, such as B12 and iron, are also indicated in ADHD individuals, which can exaggerate symptoms.

Naturopathic Treatment for SIBO

Naturopathic treatment for SIBO aims to relieve the symptoms and improve quality of life while addressing the underlying cause through reducing bacterial overgrowth, improving digestive function and secretions, restoring a healthy microbiome, reducing gastrointestinal inflammation, and addressing nutritional deficiencies. Treatment protocols may involve using herbal medicine, nutritional supplementation, and diet and lifestyle advice.

Herbal Antimicrobials

Using herbal supplements with antimicrobial properties is often used to help reduce bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. Some commonly used herbs include:

• Myrrh
• Goldenseal
• Barberry
• Thyme

Digestive Support

Digestive enzymes may be recommended to aid in food breakdown and improve nutrient absorption. Hydrochloric acid supplements may be used to support stomach acid production, which is important for proper digestion.

Nutritional Supplementation Support

Iron, Vitamin D, and Vitamin B12 supplementation, if indicated deficiency is occurring, will assist in restoring the malabsorb state of the individual.

Additional Factors and Solutions

Diet and SIBO

Diet plays a crucial role in managing SIBO. A low FODMAP diet is often recommended as it limits certain carbohydrates that feed the bacteria in the small intestine. This can help reduce symptoms and bacterial overgrowth. Foods to avoid include:

• High-FODMAP foods like onions, garlic, beans, and certain fruits.
• Processed foods and sugary snacks can exacerbate symptoms.

Instead, focus on:

• Low-FODMAP vegetables like spinach, carrots, and zucchini.
• Lean proteins like chicken, fish, and eggs.
• Gluten-free grains such as rice and quinoa.

Lifestyle Changes

In addition to diet, certain lifestyle changes can help manage SIBO:

• Regular Exercise: Physical activity can help improve gut motility and reduce symptoms.
• Stress Management: Stress can exacerbate SIBO symptoms. Techniques like meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises can be beneficial.
• Adequate Hydration: Drinking plenty of water supports digestion and nutrient absorption.

Long-Term Management

Long-term management of SIBO often involves a combination of diet, lifestyle changes, and ongoing medical or naturopathic treatment. It is important to work with a healthcare provider to develop a personalised treatment plan.

Conclusion

SIBO can significantly impact your health and wellbeing, but it can be managed effectively with a proper diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment plan. Understanding the connection between SIBO and other conditions, such as ADHD, can provide a clearer picture of your overall health. Addressing bacterial overgrowth, improving digestive function, and making dietary and lifestyle changes can alleviate symptoms and improve your quality of life. Always consult a healthcare professional to develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs. Think you may have SIBO? Click here to start your journey to better gut health.